Development Operation and Characterization of Cesium Beam Atomic Clock

Authors

  • M. Imran National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), P/O Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • M. Ikram National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad
  • R. U. Islam National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad
  • M. Anwar National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College
  • H. Tariq National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College
  • M. Ahmad National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College

Abstract

We report the development, operation and characterization procedure of the first ever Cesium Atomic
Beam Clock in Pakistan. The importance of the National Time and Frequency standards is duly
highlighted in the context of a developing country. The active program spans a time of about three years
and the Ramsey Interferometric signals, i.e., the fundamental physical phenomenon, recorded recently
depict a 25 kHz broad Rabi profile incorporating a much narrower Ramsey fringe having width of about
800 Hz only clearly demonstrate a clean, smooth, stable and accurate operation of the clock.

Author Biographies

M. Imran, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), P/O Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan

National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP),
P/O Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan

M. Ikram, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad

National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College

R. U. Islam, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad

National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College

M. Anwar, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College

National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad

H. Tariq, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College

National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad

M. Ahmad, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College

National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad

References

T. Jones, “Splitting the second: The story of atomic timeâ€, 1st ed., Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol, UK, 2000.

R.F.C. Vessot and M.W. Levine, “A test of the equivalence principle using a space-borne clockâ€, Gen. Relativ. Gravit., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 181-204, Feb 1979.

G. Brumfiel, “Particles break light-speed limitâ€, Nature, September 2011, doi:10.1038/news.2011.554.

J.S. Rigden (edr.), “Rabi, Scientist and Citizenâ€, 1st ed., New York: Basic Books, 1987.

F. Riehle, “Frequency Standards: Basics and Applicationsâ€, 1st ed., Weinheim, Germany: WILEY-VCH, 2004.

N.F. Ramsey, “A Molecular beam resonance method with separated oscillatinf fieldsâ€, Phys. Rev. vol. 78, pp. 695, June 1950.

N.F. Ramsey, Molecular beams, 1st ed., New York: Oxford University Press, 1956.

J. Vanier and C. Audoin, “The quantum physics of atomic frequency standards, 1st ed., vol. 1, Bristol: Adam Hilger, 1989.

M. Ahmad, D.V. Magalhaes, A. Bebeachibul, S.T. Muller, R.F. Alves, T.A. Ortega, J. Weiner and V. S. Bagnato, “The Brazilian time and frequency atomic standards programâ€, Ann. Braz. Acad. Sci. vol. 80, no. 2, pp.1, 2008.

L. Essen and J. Parry, “An atomic standard of frequency and time interval: A Cesium resonantorâ€, Nature, vol. 176, pp. 280-282, August, 1955.

N.F. Ramsey, “Experiments with separated oscillatory fields and hydrogen maserâ€, Rev. Mod. Phys., vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 541-552, 1990.

B.W. Shore, “Manipulating quantum structures using laser pulsesâ€, 1st ed., Cambridge Shore, Cambridge University Press, UK 2011.

M.O. Scully and M.S. Zubairy, “Quantum opticsâ€, 1st ed., Cambridge University Press, New York, 1997.

F.G. Major, “The quantum beat: Principles and applications of atomic clocksâ€, 2nd ed., Springer, New York:, 2007.

A. Bauch, “Cesium atomic clocks: Function performance and applicationsâ€, Meas. Sci. Technol. vol. 14, no. 18, pp. 1159, 2003.

D.W. Allan, “Statistics of atomic frequency standardsâ€, Proc. IEEE, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 221-230, Feb., 1966.

D.W. Allan, “In search of best clock: An updateâ€, A. De Marchi (eds.) Frequency Standards and Metrology, Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg, pp. 29-36, 1989.

Downloads

Published

28-10-2020

How to Cite

[1]
M. Imran, M. Ikram, R. U. Islam, M. Anwar, H. Tariq, and M. Ahmad, “Development Operation and Characterization of Cesium Beam Atomic Clock”, The Nucleus, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 49–55, Oct. 2020.

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2